TCGAKKI
Ken Smith and the Evolution of the Electric GuitarBass
Inventor
When it comes to the electric Bass, who will go down in history as its inventor? Of course, everyone knows the name Leo Fender, who created the Precision Bass, the first model of the electric Bass.
There is no need to explain now just how revolutionary the Precision Bass and Jazz Bass were. In the 1970s, more than a decade after their debut, the electric Bass broke free from the era of Fender’s dominance and entered a period of development.
Rick Turner (Alembic), who built the first active electric guitar in 1972 for Jack Casady
Ned Steinberger (Steinberger), who invented the headless, graphite-neck design
Stewart Spector (Spector), who teamed up with Steinberger to invent the compact modern electric guitar
And Ken Smith (Ken Smith), who developed the innovative through-neck construction and tapered strings—now standard features
When it comes to the inventors of electric Basss since the 1970s, these four are undoubtedly the key figures.
To be honest, it’s no exaggeration to say that the development of the electric guitar was largely completed in the 1970s and 1980s.
The major milestones from the 1970s to the 1980s are as follows
Timeline
1972
Alembic, founded by Rick Turner, Ron Wickersham, and Bob Matthews,
Alembic, founded by Rick Turner, Ron Wickersham, and Bob Matthews, manufactured the first active Bass for Jack Casady and Stanley Clarke.
1975
A year before the 5-string Bass was introduced, Carl Tompson built a prototype 6-string Bass for Anthony Jackson, but it had narrow string spacing that made it difficult to play, so it did not become his primary instrument.
After that, Anthony primarily used the “Career Girl Bass,” which combined a 1970s Jazz Bass body with a 1970s Precision Bass neck, for a while.
1976
PRS built its first 5-string Bass for Tony Van, but around the same time, Alembic had delivered a 5-string Bass built for Jimmy Johnson; due to this slight difference, Alembic became the first brand to bring a 5-string Bass to market.
1977
Stuart Spector hired Vinnie Fodera as his first employee.
1978
Ken Smith left Spector and started his own Ken Smith workshop.
1980
Vinny Fodera moved from Spector to Ken Smith.
1981
Six years after the debut of the first 6-string model, Anthony Jackson—who had primarily been using the 4-string Career Girl Bass—acquired a new 6-string Bass.
He teamed up with Ken Smith, and that model was named the Contrabass Guitar.
1983
Vinnie Fodera and Joey Lauricella, who had been the marketing manager for Ken Smith, teamed up to launch Fodera Guitars.
(He also worked at Ken Smith’s workshop until around 1986.)
Looking at this timeline, it becomes clear that modern electric guitars have been largely shaped by the events and inventions listed here.
Among them, the one I particularly love is the builder and brand known as “Ken Smith.”
Even before establishing his workshop, Ken Smith had gained recognition as a double bass and electric guitar player, making a living by composing jingles for commercials and radio.
He was also highly skilled at repairing and modifying instruments for fellow musicians, and it is said that many artists in New York City sought him out for his services.
Although Ken himself had not initially planned to launch a brand, the first bass created in collaboration with Carl Thompson served as the catalyst, leading him to open his workshop in New York in 1978.From then on, his client list came to include top-tier bassists active in jazz and fusion, such as Anthony Jackson, John Patitucci, Felix Pastorius, and Melvin Davis.
Since opening his workshop, he has produced numerous inventions that would later have a major impact on the electric Bass world. Let’s take a look at some of his most notable achievements.
Achievements
1978
First to install locking pins on electric Basss.
1979
Developed printed circuit boards, which are now standard.
First used graphite for neck reinforcement.
Developed a pickup balancer and introduced an EQ control with a center click.
1981
Commercialized the wide-neck 6-string Bass.
1983
Invented tapered-core strings.
What do you think?
Even looking at it this way, it is difficult to imagine the world of modern electric guitars without Ken Smith.
Since starting his workshop in 1978, he has personally performed the final checks, inspections, and adjustments up to the present day in 2023.His handwritten signature is inscribed inside the control plate, and the instrument is not shipped until it is there. In other words, it is impossible for a SmithBass to be made and shipped without his approval. The same applies to the SmithBass models produced in partnership with Blue Baker from 2019 to early 2023.
Every Smith Bass bears his signature, ensuring that he has personally inspected and guaranteed its quality.
What captivates me about the Smith Bass is its original shape, the fact that all parts are Smith originals, the complex combination of woods, and its pure sound. All of these elements align perfectly with my musical tastes.
Fortunately, I recently had a wonderful opportunity and now own a 2018 BSR5 White Tiger. I find myself liking it more and more every time I play it.
Offer
Just then, a curious email arrived at our shop, accompanied by a photo.
“Are you at all interested in purchasing a vintage Ken Smith?”
The photo that arrived was different from the current Smith Bass, and I can’t deny that its appearance raised some doubts. The headstock of that Bass was very pointed, a metal plate was attached, and a Badass bridge was installed.
“Made during Vinny Fodera’s time with Ken Smith.
Original bridge; Ken used a Badass bridge at the time. The bass is in great shape, and the truss rod works just as it should. Very little wood oxidation—almost none. The bass is currently at the Ken Smith shop.”
I see—so it’s a truly incredible Bass offer.
Since it’s currently at Smith’s shop, I wonder if it’s undergoing maintenance.
“I’m offering this to your shop because a friend of mine who visited your shop a few years ago—maybe in 2018 or 2019—said you had an Anthony Jackson Ken Smith 6-string. So I thought of you when it comes to vintage basses.”
Our shop has previously received and sold a prototype of a contrabass guitar.
Given this history, I assume this offer is based on trust in our shop, but we must proceed with caution when dealing with international transactions.
Therefore, as we discussed the matter and exchanged questions, the other party suggested we try talking via video chat.
We felt that seeing their face and hearing their voice—and thus verifying their identity—would provide a sense of reassurance. He’s quite humble for an American.
Father?
“Do you want me to ask Ken Smith to join as well?”
“Sorry. How do you know each other?”
“He is my father.”
“Huh?”
The sender’s name was Jon Smith, but I never imagined he was actually Ken Smith’s son.
Strangely enough, I had just acquireda Ken Smith BSR5 myself, so my love for Ken Smith was at its peak. I immediately set up a video chat and spoke with Jon.
Now, let’s get to the main point of this post: the instrument that was offered to me.
Therefore, below I will describe its history using Jon’s own words, accompanied by photos of the instrument.
The video chat with Jon began, and after we introduced ourselves, he told me his own story.
Ken Smith Workshop
“I bought a four-string Ken Smith Burner.
I know the Burners are kind of popular, right?
So I messaged them—it was like Guitar Center. So I was like, ‘Hey, I’m interested in this place.
How much is it? And I thought it was in really nice, great condition.”
To my surprise, he told me he owns a Japanese-made Burner, not a USA Smith.
When I heard this, I secretly wondered if it was a form of rebellion against his father.
After that, Jon gave me a tour of the Ken Smith workshop.
The walls were lined with photos of famous musicians holding Ken Smith guitars and guitars in various stages of production. What a precious experience! If I lived in the U.S., I’d want to visit the workshop right away.
Once the tour was over, we finally got to the main topic: the Bass he had offered.
Ken Smith with Vinny Fodera / ’82 RG4 (BT4)
【SPEC】
BODY : Flamed Maple / Mahogany or Rosewood
NECK : Flamed Maple / Mahogany 5P
FINGERBOARD : Ebony
SCALE : 34"
NUT WIDTH : 37mm
P.U .: Ken Smith Original Humbucker
PRE-AMP : Ken Smith Original 9V
CONTROL : 2Vol / 2Band EQ / PU SW / Phase SW / Pre-Amp SW
WEIGHT : 4.45kg
CASE: Hardshell Case
“So now, let me show you the bass.
At this point, do you see how there’s no serial number on the fingerboard?
That’s because it’s so early. Let me show you the rest.
These pickups are modern pickups, but originally, they had the older Bill Lawrence pickups.
Here is the original bridge he used to use. Can you see that bad-ass bridge?
He used it until he started making his own bridges.”
I see. It really does look completely different from the Smiths of recent years.
I’d seen it in photos, but seeing it in person really drives the point home.
“This is how you know it’s from the Vinny Fodera era—because of this part here, you know? Do you see that?
Look at the wooden back plate. It’s the original back plate, made of rosewood.”
“So, for example, when he looked up number 64, it was actually made after number 94 because the plates already had the numbers.
So when he started making the new circuit, he still had the old circuit that he was trying to get rid of. The bigger number could be older, up until maybe almost 200.”
“So, can you see the space from here to here? You get a sense of the size, right? On this one, it’s narrower, right? It’s smaller. This bass here—this is the first bass where the customer made a specific request. He said, ‘Hey Ken, can you move the back pickup away from the bridge and closer to the neck?’ So Ken moved the back pickup farther away from the bridge. The original pickups were Bill Lawrence pickups.”
“RG 4. That was the model name.
The first one is, like, from his prototype all the way to maybe the first few. Now, I think there was a batch where he may have used Bartolini on four or five basses.”
“Vinny worked with my dad under a contract, I think, until 1986 or 1987. So this bass was made when Fodera was working for my dad.”
Fodera Guitarswas supposedly founded in 1983,but it seems he worked alongside Ken Smithuntil 1986 or 1987.
A few days after this video chat, I asked again about the division of labor between Ken Smith and Vinny Fodera in the creation of the Bass.
“Vinny did the carving and finishes on the instrument. Ken would glue up many of the necks and bodies and do the final setup of the bridge, nut, pickups, and truss rod.”
TC: How many employees were working at Ken Smith’s workshop in 1982?
“Mainly my dad and Vinny.”
Vinny was in charge of shaping the wood and applying the finish, while Ken handled the rest, including gluing the wood, wiring, and setup; the two worked closely together to produce the instruments.
Note that while the current Ken Smith Bass also offers an Elite model with a lacquer finish ( polyurethane since 2019), all Bass models manufactured through the late 1980s were finished with an oil finish.
Comparison
Let’s compare a1982Smith with a 2018 Smith through photographs and explain the characteristics of each.
The models being compared are the BSR 5 and the BT; please note that their body shapes differ.
[Comparison of Woodwork]
The1982BT4 has a sharply defined head shape.
The 2018 model has a more rounded shape.
The1992BT6, which falls between the two, retains some of that sharpness but is gradually becoming more rounded.
Although there are slight differences in the shape of the volute on the back of the neck, it has been Recruit since around this time.
Of course, this is not merely decorative; since there is a neck joint at the center, it serves as a reinforcing element.
The construction of the through-neck section differs from current models, with a large section of laminated wood used.
Incidentally, this through-neck construction with a laminate core was devised by Ken Smith and has been carried on by Fodera.
The 3-piece body, known as a slip-match construction .
A thin piece of wood, likely mahogany, is sandwiched between and glued to the flame maple.
However, Ken himself reportedly does not recall the exact nature of this wood. In the 2000s, the following specifications were available for custom orders:
・SOLID BODY
・2-Piece Body
・3-Piece Body
・5-Piece Body
・7-Piece Body
From these options, customers could combine their preferred woods, and depending on the wood, they could also specify the grade. Ken himself explains that as the number of body laminations increases, the volume of wood per layer decreases, making it easier to specify the sound character and minimizing individual variations as much as possible.
There are also differences in body thickness; while the 1982 BT4 is 42mm thick, the2018BSR5 is 38mm thick. Ken considers this change to be insignificant; it is simply a gradual evolution over time aimed at reducing weight. Additionally, the body top features a contour, which was a characteristic design element of that era.
[Parts Comparison]
The 1982 model features an "S" engraved on a metal plate, and the truss rod cover is similarly marked. The 2018 model features inlaid abalone, and the truss rod cover is made of aluminum.
The 1982 model uses Schaller tuners, while the 2018 model uses GOTOHOEM tuners.
The 1982 model features a BAD ASS II bridge, while the2018model is equipped with a Ken Smith original bridge.
In terms of shape and function, they are quite similar; Ken himself modified the BAD ASS to create the current design.
As for the pickups, this particular guitar originally seemed to have Bill Lawrence pickups installed, but currently uses Ken Smith’s original pickups.
The differences from the current model are the absence of the Smith logo on the pickup cover and whether the cover is made of wood or not. Both were created in collaboration with Kent Armstrong.
It features a 9V power supply, a pickup selector, and individual volume controls for each pickup.
Unlike the familiar series, it does not have a parallel switch but is equipped with a phase switch.
Sound Review
Regarding the sound impression: Compared to the current Smith Bass, the tonal balance is set relatively low, so it doesn’t sound overly polished. Rather than being geared toward jazz, it has a playful character that seems well-suited for pop, rock, and funk.
Also, while phase switches are rarely seen on the Bass, on the1982 BT4, turning this phase switch on thins out the low end but allows you to fully experience the “croaking” quality that is synonymous with the Smith sound—clearly laying the foundation for today’s Smith Bass.
With Fender-style Basss, the sound varies significantly between the 4th, 5th, and 6th strings, but with the Smith Bass, that difference is virtually negligible. The fact that you don’t have to compromise by choosing a 4-string just because you want that 4-string sound is a truly wonderful feature.
Summary
Thanks to this fantastic offer, the Ken Smith workshop is sure to become even more appealing. Currently, due to internal issues and organizational changes, production numbers have dropped, and new products are rarely arriving in Japan. However, Ken and Jon told us that they have not lost their desire to continue providing Smith guitars to as many people as possible.
Just the other day, they announced the end of their partnership with Blue Baker and their intention to complete manufacturing entirely in-house. While they admit that rebuilding their production system makes the future difficult to predict, there is no doubt that fans of “Ken Smith”—myself included—want to see the evolving instruments they create for as long as possible.
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