Martin 1953 D-28/'45 CONVERSION
by Mike Longworth
The World's Only | Martin's Challenge and the Untold Story of Its Birth
A custom guitar converted to D-45 specifications by Mike Longworth in 1968
: The Ultimate Custom Guitar by Mike Longworth
~Uncovering the Secrets of the D-28 Customized to D-45 Specifications by Mike Longworth During the Martin D-45 Reissue Period~
Mike Longworth
(1939–2003) A man who contributed greatly to the reproduction of the D-45 and the preservation of Martin's history. Born in Chattanooga, Tennessee. In 1955, Mike Longworth, then a high school student, was already taking on inlay work as a job. Many of his early pieces featured an inlaid "L" shaped from pearl material, serving as his signature to indicate his own work. Additionally, this "L" was accompanied by a serial number indicating the order of production, providing clues to trace the history of his work. He also had deep connections with musicians around the great bluegrass unit Flat & Scruggs. In fact, his third inlay job was for dobro player Buck "Josh" Graves, and his fourth was for mandolin player and tenor singer Curly Seckler.
Then in 1956, he worked on a custom 1950 D-28 for Lester Flat, who was known for his large pickguard D-28s. This guitar also received an "L-5" inlay on its fingerboard (Longworth job #5), and his own business card was affixed inside the soundhole. (I can't help but be amazed that at 17, he completed his fifth job, and that his client was none other than Lester Flat.)
※Excerpt from IMAGES of America C.F.MARTIN & CO. by Dick Boak (Photo)
Since production of the D-45 was discontinued from the 1950s to the late 1960s, there was a growing demand for D-28s with added abalone pearl decoration to give them a D-45-like appearance.
Despite the passionate voices of players who wanted these luxurious decorations on Martin guitars, perhaps due to the aesthetic sensibility of the then-president, Martin III (elegance born of simplicity), Martin did not venture into reproducing high-end guitars with glittering decorations for a long time after the war.
Mike Longworth was not affiliated with Martin, but he had been making inlaid necks and fingerboards for Martin since the early 1960s. Very early in his career, he sent a custom-made guitar to Martin for refinishing, and when Martin's salesmen saw his outstanding work, they began to keep his estimate sheets on file.
Through these circumstances, Martin maintained its official policy of "not making flashy guitars," but occasionally commissioned Longworth to meet customer needs.
One example of this, considered his "ultimate work," is the 1966 D-28 made for Hank Snow. Martin III himself called Mike Longworth and requested that he build a guitar for Hank Snow. Hank, who was also an authorized Martin dealer in Nashville, visited Longworth's home to discuss the details of the custom order. The guitar was sent to Longworth before completion, and after being beautifully decorated with abalone, it returned to Nazareth and was finished by Martin. "The Snow This D-28/D-45 conversion model, called "Job," features a pickguard with pearl inlay and a mother-of-pearl C.F. Martin logo that gives it a special luster.
*Excerpt from MARTIN GUITAR MASTERPIECES by Dick Boak (photo)
※Excerpt from Martin Guitars: A History (Photo)
〜 Mike Longworth's Achievements 〜
Reissue of Martin's Top-of-the-Line Model D-45
After completing "The Snow Job," Martin III told Mike Longworth:
" I was offering D-45 customizations put the pressure on them to make them."
"The fact that you were offering custom D-45 models put pressure on us to reproduce them."
That's because people were starting to say things like this.
"Martin used to make D-45s, and they still make guitars today. So why are they sending guitars all the way to Tennessee to be decorated? Shouldn't they be able to make the D-45 themselves?"
These voices became a major driving force behind Martin's decision to reproduce the D-45.
Finally, in July 1968, Mike Longworth officially joined Martin to oversee the inlay work on the new D-45. At that point, two samples had already been made, and there were two other staff members besides Longworth.
The revived D-45, as the Jacaranda model, exceeded the production numbers of the original D-45 (pre-war model, 91 total) in just two years, with 67 produced in 1968 and 162 in 1969.
And it was not only Martin's supporters, country and bluegrass musicians, who got their hands on them, but also rock stars such as David Crosby and Jimi Hendrick.
From then on, the D-45 continued to be produced without interruption, and it still reigns as the "top of the guitar," captivating many guitar enthusiasts.
Preserving Martin's Records (Writing Reference Books)
As Martin's inlay department got up and running, Mike Longworth went beyond being just a craftsman and took on the role of Martin Guitar's storyteller.
He built trust as the "face" of Martin Guitar through responding to inquiries from Martin guitar owners and public relations activities at festivals and guitar shows around the country.
His extraordinary passion and knowledge of vintage Martin guitars were recognized by everyone, and he was eventually appointed Customer Relations Manager in recognition of his abilities. Alongside his duties, he compiled a systematic record of Martin and its instruments based on old company ledgers and materials, as well as the testimonies of long-serving employees.
This led to the creation of Martin Guitars: A History, first published in 1975. This book was highly regarded as the first comprehensive reference book in the guitar industry, and was later revised twice and expanded into a detailed two-volume set.
Even after his retirement in 1995, he continued to be deeply loved and respected both inside and outside the company as a member of the Martin family.In 2003, shortly after his untimely passing, C.F. Martin & Co. honored his tremendous achievements by releasing the D-45 Mike Longworth Commemorative Edition. His name and accomplishments continue to shine brightly in the history of Martin guitars.
000-28/'45 Conversion Used by Clapton
Here is one of the most representative guitars crafted by Mike Longworth.
This guitar is said to have come into Clapton's possession in 1970, and it is believed modifications had already been made at that point. Indeed, it appears in the portrait for the 1974 album '461 Ocean Boulevard', confirming it was customized to the "45" specification. However, according to information later released by auction house Christie's, the label indicating Mike Longworth's work stated the following:
"This instrument inlayed / by / Custom Pearl Inlay Service / 200 Hemphill Avenue / Chattanooga Tenn. 37411 / work performed OOO-28-45 No 67 April 11, 1976 / Mike Longworth" (Custom pearl inlay work performed on April 11, 1976)
This inscription reveals a discrepancy in the timing of the modifications. It remains unclear whether the signature by Mike Longworth simply dates to 1976, or if additional custom work was performed that same year.
What's interesting here is that while the 1974 photo clearly shows no snowflake inlay on the bridge, the album cover photo for 'Cowboy Here & There' (released 2004), documenting the 1976 UK and US tours, distinctly shows the snowflake inlay. Considering this photo was likely taken during the recording period of No Reason to Cry or during the tour, it's highly probable that additional modifications were made by 1976, which also aligns closely with the label's date.
By the 1980s, Clapton was seen using this guitar during the 1983 ARMS tour, notably for the encore number 'Good Night Irene' performed with Ronnie Lane. Additionally, Andy Fairweather Low played this guitar during the 1992 'Unplugged' recording session.
According to Lee Dixon
,
Clapton's longtime guitar tech,
Claptonwould request
in the studio, "Get me the He reportedly requested this guitar using the catchphrase "Bring me the Longworth." This guitar was featured in the 2004 Crossroads Guitar Auction, where it sold for $186,700 (approximately ¥20 million), generating significant buzz.A D-28 customized by Mike Longworth during his time building D-45s
Amidst this, a truly exceptional piece—customized by Mike Longworth during the very period he was involved in the D-45 reissue—has now arrived at Advance Guitars. This is the Martin 1953 D-28, transformed into Bass with its magnificent, ornate decoration.
The label also confirms that the custom work was done in November 1968. As mentioned earlier, 1968 was the year Martin began reproducing the D-45. While working on the D-45 reproductions at Martin, he was probably also fulfilling personal requests. It is well known that rosewood D-45s are highly prized, but this particular instrument, converted to a "45 Style" by Martin in 1968, also holds immeasurable value. It is truly a one-of-a-kind guitar.
Coincidentally, Advance Guitars had both a comparable original 1953 D-28 and an early reproduction 1969 D-45 in stock. We will explore the appeal of this particular instrument by comparing it with those two.
First, we can see that the basic structure is that of a 1950s D-28.
D-28 (1953) and D-45 (1969)
Coincidentally, Advance Guitars happened to have a 1953 D-28 and a 1969 D-45 in stock. I'll explore the appeal of this particular instrument by comparing it to those two models.
First, its fundamental structure clearly identifies it as a 1950s D-28.
Martin 1953 D-28/'45 CONVERSION' by Mike Longworth
[SPECIFICATIONS]
NECK REINFORCEMENT: T-Bar
BRACING: Non Scalloped X-Bracing
TOP: Sitka Spruce
BACK/SIDES: Brazilian Rosewood
NECK: Mahogany
FINGERBOARD:Ebony
BRIDGE:Ibory(Replaced)
BRIDGE PLATE:Maple Small Size
NUT WIDTH : 43mm
SCALE : 647mm
WEIGHT : 2.10kg
The reinforcement material embedded in the neck is a T-bar rod. The "45 Style" with a T-bar rod is the same special combination as the pre-war D-45.
The bracing pattern is non-scalloped X-bracing. Comparing the two, the D-28/'45 CONVERSION' shows a slightly sharper bracing shape, likely due to individual variations. (Top: D-28/'45 CONVERSION' Bottom: 1953 D-28)
Body top is Sitka spruce
(Top: D-28/'45 CONVERSION' Bottom: 1953 D-28)
Pickguard with filled tortoiseshell pattern
(Top: D-28/'45 CONVERSION' Bottom: 1953 D-28)
Body side back is Brazilian rosewood (Hacalanda)
(Top: D-28/'45 CONVERSION' Bottom: 1953 D-28)
Body side back is Brazilian rosewood (Hacalanda)
(Top: D-28/'45 CONVERSION' Bottom: 1953 D-28)
Neck is mahogany
(Top: D-28/'45 CONVERSION' Bottom: 1953 D-28)
Fingerboard: Ebony
(Top: D-28/'45 CONVERSION' Bottom: 1953 D-28)
Bridge plate is small-sized maple
(Top: D-28/'45 CONVERSION' Bottom: 1953 D-28)
One of the many books written by Mike Longworth
While there are commonalities in the wood composition, the decisive difference from the original 1953 D-28 is undoubtedly the exquisite inlay work and this bridge, which commands exceptional presence. The material is ivory. Not only is it used lavishly, but it also features artistic carvings.
These luxurious decorations also influence the sound, giving it a distinct character different from the original 1950s D-28. While writing this article, several vintage guitar enthusiasts tried it out, and they all expressed surprise. They unanimously agreed, "The sound is simply amazing." The tonal foundation is unmistakably D-28, yet the abalone inlays and ivory bridge seem to add vivid color to the overall sound. That said, it doesn't simply sound closer to a D-45; it produces a truly unique, supreme tone.
Next, we'll examine the inlay work that adds its own flourish. For comparison, we'll reference a 1969 D-45 (Brazilian rosewood model).
Martin 1969 D-45
[SPECIFICATIONS]
NECK REINFORCEMENT: Square
BRACING: Non Scalloped X-Bracing
TOP: German Spruce
BACK/SIDES: Brazilian Rosewood
NECK: Mahogany
FINGERBOARD: Ebony
BRIDGE: Ebony
BRIDGE PLATE: Brazilian Rosewood Large Size
NUT WIDTH: 44mm
SCALE: 645mm
WEIGHT: 2.25kg
On the D-28/'45 CONVERSION', the decorative inlay at the center of the soundhole ring has been replaced with a beautiful shell inlay. The shell used appears to be red abalone, similar to that found on D-45s of this period. The inlay features fine, intricate cuts that catch the light from multiple angles, showcasing the unique beauty inherent to natural materials. The black purfling around the fingerboard's edge, seen on the 1969 D-45, is absent on this D-28/'45 CONVERSION'. This is a feature it shares with the 1968 D-45 prototype. (Top: D-28/'45 CONVERSION' Bottom: 1969 D-45)
The headstock features torch inlays. Shell is also inlaid along the inner edge of the headstock's perimeter, lending an even more luxurious impression than the standard D-45. The pearl inlay, executed in the same typeface as the original "Martin & Co." logo, is truly exceptional. It seems to further symbolize that this guitar is a D-45 custom based on a D-28. Remarkably, this headstock design closely resembles Hank Snow's D-28/45 ("The Snow Job"), one of the inspirations for the D-45 reissue. (Top: D-28/'45 CONVERSION' Middle: 1969 D-45 Bottom: 1953 D-28)
Martin 1953 D-28/'45 CONVERSION' by Mike Longworth
The tuners are pre-war style Grover open-back. The butterbean knobs are specially made with the Martin initial "M" engraved on them.
The fingerboard also features exquisite shell binding and inlays. The position markers are the same snowflake and cat's eye design as the pre-war D-45 once owned by David Bromberg and now owned by Hirokazu Ogura. Whether this was the former owner's idea, commissioned from Mike Longworth, or Mike Longworth's own suggestion, it reveals a deep understanding of the original D-45.
A small "L" inlay is embedded at the fingerboard end, indicating Longworth's work. When he was a high school student, the fingerboards Longworth worked on featured a large "L" inlay. However, as the years passed, the need to satisfy his own ego gradually diminished, and eventually that "L" became smaller and more discreet, Longworth recounts.
Interestingly, this customization also involved a change in the binding material. While the 1950s D-28 used Ivoroid, this D-28/'45 CONVERSION' does not show the striped pattern characteristic of Ivoroid. Martin changed the binding material from Ivoroid to Voltalon around 1966. For this reason, it is thought that the original Ivoroid binding could not be used when applying the abalone inlay to this D-28/'45 CONVERSION', and it was replaced with Voltalon, which was a new material at the time. (Top: D-28/'45 CONVERSION' Bottom: 1953 D-28)
This is a cut I personally like. The neck heel cell is likely original ivoroid, the body binding is voltaron, topped with abalone purfling, and finished with a herringbone backstrip. The herringbone backstrip is a very rare specification, rarely seen except on certain models such as the D-76, a model commemorating the 200th anniversary of the United States, produced between 1975 and 1976. The green lines visible on both sides of the backstrip also add a stylish accent. This is a sight unique to customization. The traces of handcraftsmanship glimpsed beneath the luxurious and splendid exterior give it a sense of warmth.
Summary
Mike Longworth, the man behind the revival of the legendary D-45 model. Each guitar created by his hands transcends the mere instrument; they are "works of art" imbued with his aesthetic sense, outstanding craftsmanship, and deep love for Martin guitars.
The 1953 D-28-based "D-45 conversion" introduced here is another piece that shines with a special brilliance among his works. Recorded as his 82nd work during the historic turning point of the D-45 reproduction period, this guitar can be said to be a testament to the direction of Martin at the time and his own philosophy of guitar making.
In both sound and appearance, it is a unique instrument that is neither a D-28 nor a D-45. With its luxurious decoration and the dignified presence unique to a vintage guitar that has been loved for many years, this instrument quietly but surely conveys Longworth's belief in "breathing life into musical instruments."
We hope that by encountering this "work" he left behind, you will be able to feel, even if only in part, how the guitar as an instrument can become a rich culture through human hands.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I would like to express my heartfelt admiration for Mike Longworth, who left behind such exceptional guitars.
-Yosuke Inoue
Afterword
While writing this article, I often came across not only well-known episodes, but also facts I was learning for the first time and moments when fragmented pieces of information connected. These "discoveries" gave me the same thrill as holding a vintage guitar. They reminded me of the depth of Martin guitars and the value of Longworth's legacy.
If reading this article brings you even a little closer to Mike Longworth and allows you to experience one more aspect of the appeal of Martin guitars, I couldn't be happier.
I believe that the works, words, and records he left behind are not merely "historical materials," but continue to have a definite influence on how we, living in the present, approach music and guitars.
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